Impact of Temperature on Growth, Early Development and Sex Differentiation in Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon)

Abstract

Tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) is the prime aquaculture species in Bangladesh and provides a huge source for export earnings. Female individuals grow larger and faster than the males and thus production of mono-sex female cohorts will be highly demanding. The present study was conducted to determine the impact of different temperature levels on growth, early development, survival and sex differentiation in tiger shrimp. The experiment individuals were maintained at six different temperature levels (18°C, 22°C, 26°C, 30°C, 34°C and 36°C) with identical stocking density (300 individuals/ temperature) for a period of 60 days. At the end of 60th day, mean body weight of shrimp individuals were found to be 0.6755 ± 0.0513 g at 18°C, 0.922 ± 0.0359 g at 22°C, 1.14±0.2197g at 26°C, 1.421 ± 0.0925 at 30°C, 1.576 ± 0.0676 at 34°C and 1.281 + 0.1171 at 36°C respectively, which were significantly different (p<0.05) from each other. The daily average growth rate at different temperature ranged from 0.8541 ± 0.0777 to 2.355 + 0.1316. The significantly (p<0.05) higher mean growth rate 2.355 ± 0.1316 was found at 34°C while the lowest rate was 0.8541 ± 0.0777 obtained at 18°C. Relative mean growth rate at different temperature ranged from 323.8466 68.2871 to 895.5114 significantly (p<0.05) highest mean growth rate 895.5114 ± 186.7582 was found at 34°C white the lowest 323.8466 68.2871 was obtained at 18°C. Specific growth rate at different temperature ranged from 2,2739±0.5087 % to 3.8028 ± 0.3087%. The significantly (p>0.05) highest mean growth rate 3.8028 ± 0.3087% was found at 34°C while the lowest 0.2739 ± 0.5087 % was obtained at 18°C. At 36°C, 65% female was produced within 38 days. Survival rate ranged from 32% to 68%, highest at 30°C and 26°C and lowest at 35°C. This study shows that there is a significant impact of temperature on growth, early development and sex differentiation in tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon).