A Study On Genetic Diversity Of Selective Local Cattle Using RAPD Markers

Abstract

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed to find out the genetic diversity and to identify the polymorphisms and to determine genetic relationship of twenty indegenious cattle of Bagerhat, Pirojpur and Khulna areas of Bangladesh. The experiment was conducted in Animal Cell Culture and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Khulna University, Bangladesh. Blood samples of twenty local cattle were collected from Bagerhat, Khulna and Pirojpur districts. Among ten RAPD primers, only three primers were capable to amplify different fragments and found polymorphic 86.66%. These three primers that used in RAPD analysis of twenty experimental cattle amplified 14 different reproducible bands. Three different primers generated various banding patterns and of the 14 bands scored, 12 bands (86.66%) were found to be polymorphic and 2 bands (40%) were found to be monomorphic in nature. Genetic relations among local cattle were determined using RAPD markers that obtained total 86.66% polymorphic loci. Statistical analysis of the data, estimating the genetic distances among local cattle and sketching the cluster trees were performed using COMPONENT version 1.31. Comparatively higher genetic distance (0.90) was found among Pir-10 and Khu-11, Pir-01 and Khu-11, Khu-09 and Khu-11 cattle. The lowest genetic distance (0.05) was observed between Bag-102 and Bag-69, Bag-99 and Bag-69 cattle. The range of genetic distance of twenty cattle was 0.05-0.90. The differences between the highest and lowest genetic distance indicated the presence of variability among the twenty genotype local cattle. The genetic diversity of Pirojpur and Khulna cattle was relatively higher. The study showed that the polymorphisms obtained using RAPD- PCR enabled to determine the genetic relationships and fingerprints of local cattle population. Therefore, adequate diversity in performance and adaptability can be exploited for actual improvement accruing to conservation and development of indigenous cattle resources.