Effect Of Zanthoxylum Armatum Fruits Methanolic Extract On Selective Blood Metabolites And Hepatic Glycogen In Neonatal Streptozotocin Induced Type-2 Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Zanthoxylum armatum locally named as 'Gaira' is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of different ailments including diabetes. The present study was aimed to screen the effect of Zanthoxylum armatum fruits methanolic extract (ZAFME) on blood glucose, lipid profile, liver glycogen and enzymes in neonatal streptozotocin (STZ) induced type-2 diabetic rats. STZ was administered in 48 hours old pups by a single intraperitoneal injection and after three months, oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Rats were divided into five groups viz. Standard, Negative Control, Positive Control, Treatment Group 1 and Treatment Group 2. During the 28 days experimental period. the experimental rats were given basal diet as well as Standard and Negative Control groups were provided with pure drinking water, Positive Control group, Treatment Group 1 and Treatment Group 2 were provided with orally Gliclazide, 25 mg and 50mg/kg body weight of ZAFME, respectively. Blood samples were collected from tail cut at day 1 and by cardiac puncture at day 28. Fasting serum glucose, lipid profile, liver glycogen, SGPT and SOOT were measured. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOV A and paired sample t-test. Blood glucose level was significantly (p<0.05) lowered in Treatment Group I, Treatment Group 2 and Positive Control group at day 28 when compared to day 1. Blood glucose level was significantly (p<O.05) decreased in Treatment Group 2 compared to Negative Control group. The level of Triglycerides was reduced significantly (p<O.05) in Treatment Group 1 and 2 at day 28 compared to day 1. Total cholesterol and higher HDL levels was lowered in Positive Control and Treatment Group 2. Treatment Group 1 and 2 and Positive Control groups showed lower LDL levels at day 28 compared to day 1. Hepatic glycogen level was increased in Treatment Group I and Treatment Group 2 compared to Negative Control group. Treatment Group 1 showed significant (p<0.05) reduction of SGPT levels when compared to Negative Control group. However, both Treatment Group 1 and Treatment Group 2 showed significant (p<0.05) reduced level of SGOT when compared to Negative Control group. Therefore, it may be concluded that, ZAFME possesses potential antidiabetic properties. The findings highlight the therapeutic potential use of the ZAFME on type 2 diabetes and provide strong impetus for further research studies regarding clinical trials and drug development.